There are more than two parties at the table to achieve a collective objective. Multiparty negotiations differ from two party deliberations in several important ways: Number of parties, informational and computational complexity, social complexity, procedural complexity and strategic complexity.
In Multiparty, there are three key stages of multi-lateral negotiations: pre-negotiations stage (prepares member roles, costs of no agreement, make agenda), actual negotiations (use agenda, get information, manage conflict) and agreement stage (select best option, develop action plan to implement).
There is a brief set of questions that any participant in negotiations involving coalitions, multiple parties, or teams should keep in mind;
What are the consequences of the parties failing to agree due to the increased complexities? What happens if there is no agreement? How will the parties involved actually make a decision? How can the parties use iterations-multiple rounds of discussion-to achieve their objectives? Do we need a designated chair or facilitator? Should it be a neutral outsider, or can one of the parties fill this role? What tactics can a facilitator use to manage group process in order to ensure that the best decision is reached?
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